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    hari hari..........  hare krishna................   Âävatthâmâ: (sáns. vaiëòava). Son of Drona and Kripa, and one of the generals of the Kauravas. Also called by his patronymic Draunayana. After the last great battle, in which Duryodhana was mortally wounded, Âävatthâmâ with two other warriors, Kripa and Kritavarman, were the sole survivors of the Kaurava host that were left effective. Âävatthâmâ was made the commander. He was fierce in his hostility toward the Pandavas, and craved for revenge upon Dhrishtadyumna, who had slain his father, Drona. These three surviving Kauravas entered the Pandava camp at night. They found Dhrishtadyumna asleep, and Âävatthâmâ stamped him to death where he was sleeping. He then killed Shikhandin, the other son of Drupada, and he also killed the five young sons of the Pandavas and carried their heads to the dying Duryodhana. He killed Parikshit, while yet unborn in the womb of his mother, with his celestial weapon Brahmastra. The killing of Parikshit incurred the curse of Krishna, who restored Parikshit to life. The next morning Âävatthâmâ and his comrades fled, but Draupadi clamored for revenge upon the murderer of here children. Yudhishthira claimed that Âävatthâmâ was a Brahmin, and pleaded for his life. She then consented to forego her demand for his blood if the precious and protective jewel which he wore on his head were brought to her. Bhima, Arjuna, and Krishna then went in pursuit of him. Arjuna and Krishna overtook him, and compelled him to give up the jewel. They carried it to Draupadi, and she gave it to Yudhisihthira, who afterwards wore it on his head. (The Manurishi Foundation, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Hindu Terms).
Âävatthâmâ Personality Summary  His name means “he who has the strength of a horse”. He was the only son of Dronacharya and Kripi - sister of Kripacharya. Related Pastime On the eighteenth day of the fierce battle of Kurukshetra, the Pandavas achieved victory. Ashvatthama, the son of Dronacharya, seeking revenge devised a shameful plan to kill the five Pandavas. Mistaking the five teenage sons of the Pandavas to be the Pandavas themselves, he beheaded them all. When Draupadi heard of the massacre of her five sleeping sons, she began to cry in distress with eyes full of tears. Trying to pacify her, Arjuna said, “O gentle lady, when I present you with the head of that brahmana, I shall then wipe the tears from your eyes and pacify you.”
Arjuna, armed himself with furious weapons, and getting into his chariot driven by the Supreme Lord Himself, set out to follow Ashvatthama. When Ashvatthama saw that his horses were tired, he considered that there was no alternative other than using the ultimate nuclear weapon, the brahmastra. So fierce was the glaring light from the weapon that Arjuna thought his own life to be in danger, and so he addressed Lord Shri Krishna and said, “O Lord of lords, how is it that this dangerous effulgence is spreading all around? Where does it come from? I do not understand it.” The Lord said, “This is the helpless act of the son of Drona. He has thrown the brahmastra, and he does not know how to retract the glare. O Arjuna, only another brahmastra can counteract this weapon. Subdue this weapon’s glare with the power of your own weapon.” Arjuna at once retracted both brahmastra weapons, as the Lord desired.
Arjuna, then dexterously arrested Ashvatthama and bound him with ropes like an animal, wanting to take him to the military camp. Shri Krishna, looking upon angry Arjuna said, “O Arjuna, you should not show mercy by releasing this brahma-bandhu, for he has killed innocent boys in their sleep. A person who knows the principles of religion does not kill an enemy who is careless, intoxicated, insane, asleep, afraid or devoid of his chariot. Nor does he kill a boy, a woman, a foolish creature or a surrendered soul. Furthermore, I have personally heard you promise Draupadi that you would bring forth his head. Kill him immediately.”Although Krishna, who was examining Arjuna in religion, encouraged Arjuna to kill the son of Dronacharya, Arjuna, a great soul, did not like the idea of killing him. After reaching his own camp, Arjuna entrusted the murderer unto his dear wife, who was lamenting for her murdered sons. When Draupadi saw Ashvatthama bound by ropes, she could not tolerate it and being a devoted lady, she said, “Release him, for he is a brahmana. It was by Dronacharya’s mercy that you learned the military art. Dronacharya is certainly still existing, being represented by his son. My lord, do not make the wife of Dronacharya cry like me. I am aggrieved for the death of my sons. She need not cry constantly like me.” King Yudhishthira fully supported the statements of the Queen, which were in accordance with the principles of religion and were full of mercy and equity. Nakula and Sahadeva and also Satyaki, Arjuna, Lord Shri Krishna and the ladies and others all unanimously agreed with the King. Bhima, however, disagreed with them and recommended killing the culprit.The Lord, after hearing the words of Bhima, Draupadi and others, saw the face of His dear friend Arjuna, and said, “A friend of a brahmana is not to be killed, but if he is an aggressor he must be killed. All these rulings are in the scriptures, and you should act accordingly. You have to fulfill your promise to your wife, and you must also act to the satisfaction of Bhimasena and Me.” Just then Arjuna could understand the motive of the Lord by His equivocal orders, and thus with his sword he severed both hair and jewel from the head of Ashvatthama. Ashvatthama had already lost his bodily luster due to infanticide, and now, moreover, having lost the jewel from his head, he lost even more strength. Thus he was unbound and driven out of the camp. Cutting the hair from his head, depriving him of his wealth and driving him from his residence are the prescribed punishments for the relative of a brahmana. There is no injunction for killing the body. Thereafter, the sons of Pandu and Draupadi, overwhelmed with grief, performed the proper rituals for the dead bodies of their relatives.De: http://www.folknet.in/SS2008/html/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=145&Itemid=117
Ashvatthama’s Punishment
Many Kaurava and Pandava warriors died in the course of the Kurukshetra War. Towards the end of the war, Bhima and Duryodhana fought a duel and Bhima broke Duryodhana’s thighs with a mace. Duryodhana lay there on the ground, defeated but not yet dead. Ashvatthama had fought the war on Duryodhana’s side and was looking for a way to please the disconsolate Duryodhana. Droupadi had five sons, the sons of the five Pandavas. In the dead of the night, Ashvatthama entered the Pandava camp and sliced off the heads of these five sons. He then brought them as gifts to Duryodhana. It was now Droupadi’s turn to be disconsolate and she demanded revenge. Arjuna promised her that he would bring her Ashvatthama’s head as atonement. He therefore hunted out Ashvatthama and challenged him to a duel. Ashvatthama let loose a terrible divine weapon known as brahmashira on Arjuna. To counteract it, Arjuna had to release a brahmashira weapon of his own. But these two divine weapons threatened to burn up the entire world. And the sages asked the two warriors to writhdraw their weapons. Arjuna did this easily, but Ashvatthama did not know how to wirthdraw a brahmashira weapon, so the weapon was directed at Uttara’s womb Uttara was Arjuna’s widowed daughter-in-law, his son Abhimanyu having died earlier in the course of the battle. Ashvatthama was captured and brought to Droupadi by Arjuna. There it was decided that Ashvatthama should not be killed. He was, after all, the son of Dronacharya, the teacher of the Pandavas. Ashvatthama used to wear a jewel (mani) on his head. This jewel was cut off and given to Droupadi and Ashvatthama was allowed to leave.
But what was to happen to the brahmashira weapon that had been directed at Uttara’s womb? Uttara came running to Krishna for protection. And Krishna himself entered the womb and so protected the baby. This baby was Parikshit. Since the baby had been protected by Vishnu in his form of Krishna, the brahmanas proposed that he should be named Vishnurata, that is, protected by Vishnu. But the baby had met Krishna inside Uttara’s womb and had become devoted to Krishna. Whenever the child met someone, he tested to see if the person he had just met was indeed the person whom he had met inside the womb. The word for a test is pariksha. Thus it was that Vishnurata came to be popularly known as Parikshit.
De: http://www.dharmakshetra.com/literature/puranas/bhagavata.html
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